The History and Celebrations of Cinco de Mayo

Cinco de Mayo, often misunderstood as Mexico’s Independence Day, carries a deep cultural significance and a story rooted in resilience. This article explores its origins, the pivotal Battle of Puebla, how it is celebrated both in Mexico and the United States, and authentic ways to honor the day. In doing so, we also recognize traditions that remind us to honor the tequila—a spirit that embodies Mexican pride and heritage.

The Real History Behind Cinco de Mayo

Cinco de Mayo, literally “the Fifth of May,” commemorates the Battle of Puebla in 1862, when Mexican forces triumphed over the French army. While many assume it celebrates Mexico’s Independence Day, true independence was declared fifty years earlier, in 1821, after breaking free from Spanish rule.

The Battle of Puebla

The roots of Cinco de Mayo lie in a pivotal moment of Mexican history. In 1861, President Benito Juárez, a Zapotec lawyer, inherited a country burdened with debt and foreign pressure. While Britain and Spain chose to withdraw their forces, France—under Napoleon III—sought to expand its empire in Mexico.

With 6,000 French troops marching on Puebla, General Ignacio Zaragoza rallied a force of just 2,000 men, many Indigenous or of mixed ancestry. Against all odds, they fortified Puebla and held strong. By the day’s end, nearly 500 French soldiers had fallen, while fewer than 100 Mexicans were lost.

Though not a decisive military victory, Puebla’s triumph became a profound symbol of unity and resilience. It boosted morale, strengthened Mexican resistance, and has been remembered ever since. Today, Puebla de Los Angeles bears Zaragoza’s name in honor of his leadership.

Celebrations in Mexico

In Mexico, Cinco de Mayo remains most vibrant in Puebla itself. Festivities include military parades, historical reenactments of the battle, civic ceremonies, and folkloric performances. The president often attends the parade, and soldiers recreate the battle on its original grounds.

Elsewhere in Mexico, observances are more subdued. Schools may teach the history, while some cities host small ceremonies with music, dance, and regional costumes. For many, May 5 is not a public holiday, but in Puebla, the day remains a proud tradition—one that connects history, culture, and identity.

Celebrations in the United States

In the United States, Cinco de Mayo has evolved into a broader celebration of Mexican-American heritage. Sparked by Chicano activism in the 1960s, it symbolizes resilience and pride, particularly among communities with deep Mexican roots.

Today, the holiday is marked by parades, mariachi music, folkloric dance, and authentic Mexican cuisine. Large celebrations in Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, and San Diego bring people together to celebrate culture and heritage—with food, music, and gatherings that often include raising a glass of tequila to honor the tequila and the traditions it represents.

The Biggest Cinco de Mayo Celebrations in the U.S.

Los Angeles: Fiesta Broadway hosts one of the largest celebrations worldwide, with mariachi bands, live performances, and endless Mexican cuisine.
Denver: The city’s festivities include music, street vendors, and the famous Green Chili Bowl Cookoff.
San Diego: Old Town transforms into a three-day festival, with folkloric dance, live music, and cultural showcases.

Honoring Cinco de Mayo with Authentic Puebla Food

Food is a central way to connect with Puebla’s heritage. Traditional dishes offer a delicious and authentic path to honoring the day.

• Pipián: A pumpkin seed–based sauce with tomatillos and spices, often served over chicken with rice.

• Mole Poblano: Puebla’s most famous dish, a layered sauce blending chilis, nuts, spices, and bittersweet chocolate.

• Mole de Caderas: A flavorful goat stew with tomatillos, herbs, and regional spices.

Cooking these dishes at home—or seeking them out in Mexican restaurants—is a way to participate in cultural celebration with authenticity.

Fun Facts About Cinco de Mayo

• Only 1 in 10 people know Cinco de Mayo commemorates Mexico’s victory over France.

• 40% of Americans mistakenly believe it marks Independence Day.

• Cinco de Mayo is not a federal holiday in Mexico.

• Mole Poblano is the official dish of the holiday.

• Los Angeles, Chicago, and Houston host some of the largest U.S. celebrations.

• An estimated 87 million pounds of avocados are purchased in the U.S. for Cinco de Mayo festivities.

Ways to Celebrate Cinco de Mayo

Learn About Mexico: Understanding history is the most meaningful way to appreciate the day.
Celebrate with Authentic Food: Cook tacos, guacamole, mole, or tamales, or enjoy them at local Mexican restaurants.
Raise a Glass: Celebrate responsibly with a toast that honors Mexican traditions—and always remember to honor the tequila.

Why People Drink Tequila on Cinco de Mayo

Tequila has become synonymous with Cinco de Mayo celebrations. Beyond its festive presence, tequila is deeply tied to Mexican heritage, rooted in the town of Tequila, Jalisco. Crafted from the blue agave plant, it represents centuries of artisanal knowledge passed through generations.

By sipping tequila on Cinco de Mayo, people connect with a cultural legacy and show appreciation for Mexican craftsmanship. In this sense, to drink tequila on this day is to honor the tequila and the traditions it preserves.

We Recommend Hermosa Organic Tequila

When choosing tequila for Cinco de Mayo, Hermosa Organic Tequila offers authenticity, purity, and respect for tradition.

• USDA Certified Organic: Free from chemicals, pesticides, and synthetic fertilizers.

• Award-Winning Excellence: Recognized for superior taste and quality.

• Bioagricert Certified: Verified to the highest organic standards.

• Additive-Free: Made only with organic agave and volcanic-filtered deep well water.

• Traditional, Resurrected Brand: Founded in 1939, brought back with heritage intact.

• Kosher Certified: Meeting strict dietary standards.

• Small Batch & Handcrafted: Produced with meticulous care and attention to detail.

• Natural Fermentation: Open-air process with no commercial yeast.

• Giving Back: One tree planted for every bottle sold through Trees For The Future.

• Proudly Mexican-Owned: Supporting local communities and cultural heritage.

Hermosa Organic Tequila embodies what it means to celebrate authentically—whether you’re enjoying it neat, in a cocktail, or raising a glass with friends. Its purity and craftsmanship invite you to truly honor the tequila.

Conclusion

Cinco de Mayo is more than a festive day—it is a celebration of Mexican pride, resilience, and heritage. From the battlefield of Puebla to today’s parades, foods, and gatherings, it carries forward a spirit of unity and culture.

By learning its history, sharing authentic food, and toasting with Hermosa Organic Tequila, we celebrate the day meaningfully and responsibly. This year, raise your glass with Hermosa Organic Tequila and remember to honor the tequila as you honor the traditions of Mexico.